Physiotherapy
Restoring Movement and Improving Quality of Life
Physiotherapy, also known as physical therapy, is a healthcare profession dedicated to assessing, diagnosing, and treating physical impairments, disabilities, and pain through physical methods. It is widely used to restore movement and function when someone is affected by injury, illness, or disability. Physiotherapists are trained professionals who use evidence-based techniques to help patients improve mobility, reduce pain, and prevent further injury.
How Physiotherapy Works
Physiotherapy focuses on the science of movement. It uses a combination of physical exercises, manual therapy, education, and advice to aid recovery. Physiotherapists often work with patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders (such as arthritis, back pain, or sports injuries), neurological conditions (such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, or Parkinson’s disease), and cardiopulmonary issues (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or post-heart surgery rehabilitation).
A typical physiotherapy session starts with a detailed assessment. The physiotherapist evaluates the patient’s range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, posture, gait, and functional abilities. Based on the diagnosis, they create a customized treatment plan tailored to the patient’s specific condition and goals.
Key Techniques Used in Physiotherapy
Therapeutic Exercises
These exercises are designed to strengthen weak muscles, improve flexibility, and enhance coordination and balance. Examples include:
Isometric and isotonic exercises to build strength.
Stretching routines to improve flexibility.
Functional exercises like squats, step-ups, and balance training.
Postural Training
Many conditions result from or lead to poor posture. Physiotherapists teach ergonomic corrections and posture alignment techniques, especially in cases of cervical spondylosis, kyphosis, or scoliosis.
- Gait Training and Balance Exercises
These are essential for stroke rehabilitation or after orthopedic surgeries. Tools like parallel bars, balance boards, and assistive devices (crutches, canes, walkers) are often used.
Conditions Treated by Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy can help with a wide variety of conditions, including but not limited to:
Orthopedic conditions: Fractures, ligament injuries, post-surgical rehab, spinal issues (like herniated discs or sciatica).
Neurological conditions: Stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, peripheral neuropathies.
Cardiopulmonary conditions: Post-heart surgery, chronic bronchitis, asthma, or COPD.
Pediatric conditions: Cerebral palsy, delayed motor milestones, muscular dystrophy.
Geriatric problems: Osteoporosis, arthritis, balance disorders, and age-related mobility loss.
